Language



1
ambiguous
obscure; no definite meaning

2
linguistics
the systemic study of language
3
morphology

the study of words and their structure
4
phonology
study of sounds

5
pragmatics
the branch of linguistics that studies language use rather than language structure

6
Semantics
the branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of language
7
Symbol
something used to represent or stand for something else
8
syntax
grammatical arrangement of words and phrases
9
Language is... (3 things)
1. systemic
2. conventional
3. ambiguous
10
The phrase: "Language is conventional" means:
language speakers use the language systems in different ways depending on where they are from
11
The phrase: "Language is ambiguous" means...
the meaning of language changes depending on the context
12
The phrase: "Language is systemic" means...
Several separate but interacting systems work simultaneously to perform the function of language.
13
True or False: Culture influences how language is interpreted.
true
14
What are the morphemes in the word: "mailboxes"
mail/box/es
15
colloquial
ordinary or familiar speech that is appropriate for informal or casual settings
16
idioms
fixed and often colorful expressions whose meaning cannot be understood from the combined meanings of individual words
17
jargon
technical language
18
When language conventions are observed, which of the following can still cause difficulties in communication?
-context
-sentence structure
-ambiguous words
-levels of abstraction
ambiguous words
19
formal language
the social standard
20
formal language avoids... (3 things)
1. idioms
2. slang words
3. regional accent

21
Formal language is usually found in these settings:
1. business meetings
2. classrooms
3. published works
4. school papers
22
slang
informal language characterized by brevity, novelty, and exaggeration
23
True or False: Slang is generally used in formal language.
false
24
technical language is also known as
jargon
25
jargon is used in
occupational settings
26
Which of the following is a fixed, often colorful expression whose meaning is not tied to the meaning of its individual words?

- colloquialism
- idiom
- slang
- jargon
idiom
27
The following sentence is an example of which type of language?
"Today, I was driving to school and this guy like totally cut me off. I mean, what's up with that?"

-colloquial
-idiom
-slang
-jargon
slang
28
Which of the following characterizes standard language?

-used in formal settings
- used in casual settings
- marked by a regional accent
- follows prescribed grammatical rules
- appears in published works
-used in formal settings
-follows prescribed grammatical rules
-appears in published works
29
Which language style would be most appropriate for the given situation?
a mission briefing for NASA astronauts

-formal language
-informal language
-technical language
technical language
30
Which language style would be most appropriate for the given situation?
a conversation with friends

-formal language
-informal language
-technical language
informal language

31
abstract
not concrete; difficult to understand
32
connotation
implied meaning
33
The four roles of language are:
define
evaluate
influence
reflect
35
The second role of language, "evaluate", means...

by defining something, we evaluate to it a quality. Our description can have either a positive or negative connotation.
36
The third role of language, "influence", means...
that the labels we attach to people and the words we use to describe objects influence our perception of them, the perception of others, and our behavior toward them.
37
The fourth role of language, "reflect", means...
that language also has the ability to reflect attitudes and thoughts.
38
equivocal language
language open to more than one interpretation
39
relative terms
terms that take on precise meaning when compared to something else.
40
Overly Abstract Language
language that can be too general or broad to be understood clearly
41
Disruptive Language
when people tend to confuse opinions for facts because people speak in a factual manner instead of saying "I think" or "I believe".
42
Emotive Language
words that are emotionally charged
43
Emotive language is also known as...
"fighting words"
44
Evasive language
language that is purposely indirect
45
Irresponsible language
language that conveys the unwillingness of the speaker to take responsibility for his or her feelings, thoughts, and behavior
46
The seven problems of language are called:
equivocal language, relative terms, overly abstract language, disruptive language, emotive language, evasive language, irresponsible language


47
Which type of troublesome language does the following statement represent?
"That car is the worst one on the market. No one should buy it."

-equivocal
-relative
-emotive
-disruptive
disruptive
48
Which type of troublesome language does the following statement represent?
"He made me hit him."

-disruptive
-irresponsible
-evasive
-emotive
irresponsible
49
True or False: Language that is not based on fact cannot be damaging to other people or causes.

False
50
How can you overcome troublesome communication?
-stating opinions
-being truthful
-being kind
-seeking clarification
being truthful
being kind
seeking clarification
51
I-language
using sentences that place more emphasis on yourself, which is more appropriate and less likely to cause offense.
52
"You" Language
Phrases that place the focus of attention and blame on other people 

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